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| Contractors World - UK & Ireland 2013 Vol 3 No 5 |
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 PAGE 13 of 50 
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Aerial view of the King’s Cross development area. P1 is middle, left hand side Typical of many city sites, this was a constrained central-London site location with complex logistics and planning requirements. The contract period was just 10 weeks to install over 466 cast-in-situ concrete piles to depths up to 55 m. |
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Piles are mostly 750 mm in diameter except for one bearing pile in the north-east corner which is 1,500 mm in diameter. Close to an underground railway line, this pile accommodates a cantilevered transfer slab adjacent to where the main pile retaining wall begins to the east and south. The pile was drilled immediately adjacent to the tunnel exclusion zone. Using the cased rotary method, this pile had to be bored through the made ground to the stable dry London Clay and continue through this into the more unstable Lambeth Group materials (clays, sands, gravel, etc) that lie below. As a consequence of encountering Lambeth sands, bentonite drilling fluid was introduced to stabilise the bore. A tremie system was used to continuously pour the 110 m³ of S4 concrete (slump 230) at a rate of 25 m³ per hour while removing the bentonite. Prior to concrete placement, a full length prefabricated steel reinforcing cage was lowered into the pile in spliced sections. With this pile complete, the Llamada P150-tt piling rig started work on the contiguous pile retaining wall that surrounds the entire site and comprises 174 piles. These piles, 750 mm diameter, were formed using the continuous flight auger method and are to a maximum depth of 30 m with an average depth of 15 m. With CFA techniques, the pile cage is plunged into the wet concrete bore. |
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| PAGE 13 of 50
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Contractors World Magazines are published by VVV Limited Publisher: Roger Lindley Page updated: September/October 2013 |
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Piling Goes to Plan on King’s Cross Development - Page 2 of 3 
